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Patented Apr.'24,1883

N. KAISER.

MACHINERY FOR ASSORTING Woon PULP AND SIMILAR MATERIAL.

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Y N. KAISER. MAHINERYFORVASSORTING WOOD PULPVAND SIMILAR-MATERIAL. v

Nov. .2'76,250. v Patented `Aplnl, 1833,

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UNITED STATESA PATENT r Ormea.

NIGOLAUS KAISER, OF GRELLINGEN, SWITZERLAND.

`n/LAcHLNtrw 'Foa As'soRTiNc wooo PULP AND SIMILAR MATERIAL.

SPECIFICATION `forming part 0f Letters Patent N0. 276,250, dated.` April 24, 1883.

` Application tiled February 20, 1 833. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

` Be it known that I, NwoLAUs KAISER, of Grellingen, in the Republic of Switzerland, have invented some newand useful Improvements in Machinery for Sifting and Assorting Wood Pulp and Similar Materials, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain improvements in sifting and assorting wood pulp and similar materialsto wit, in separating the coarse material from the small particles and watery substances. Heretofore the machines p used for this purpose were principally built with shaking flat sieves placed at some inclination, or with revolving screen-drums,with or without stirring device in the inside, all these machines on the gravitation principle-that is, on the principle of agitating the pulp in order to spread it out uniformly over screen-Sheets and to bring all its particles into reach of the L screen-holes-the feeding of the pulp being effected in the case of dat screens by having the pulp to flow in a broad jet on the screens at their upper end, and, owing to the shaking motion of said screens, to have the pulp spreading uniformly over their whole area, thus causing the fine and watery substance to pass through the sieves and the coarse bers to be conveyed to thelower end, therefore assorting thepulp according to length of fibers. In the case of cylindrical screens the feeding was effected in a similar way, with the difference that here the shaking motion was substituted by the revolving motion of the screens, and that this case allowed the use of stirringlt iseasil y seen what disadvantages this mode of sifting necessarily must show. The afflux of the pulp to the dat screens being effected on a relatively small part of their area, the pulp'would accumulate to a lump, which could not flow apart fast enough and would be conveyed over `the screens by the shaking without spreading uniformly over their whole s'urfate, and would drop as a` lump at their lower end, thus mixing coarseand fine stuff and giving an imperfect and wasteful sifting. In cylindrical screens the formation of such lumps was expected to be impossible, owing to the stirring device but it is evident that the screens, being only worked at their bottom part, couldnot be of great capacity, requiring therefore a disproportionate door-space, driving machinery, and power. The pulp in this case could not be spread over the screen-.sur-

face in a film of even thickness, and would 5 therefore'give likewise an imperfect and wasteful sifting.

I am furthcrawarethat centrifugal machines have heretofore been made with an upright shaft provided with a continuous spiral blade, 6

the whole arranged within a sieve. They have also'been provided with screens constructed like that ofthe propeller. These constructions are employed for the purpose of producing a heavy pressure on the substance fed thereto, in 6 to a shaft arranged within acylindrical sieve. 7

It will be observed that the rapid rotation of the blades will throw the pulp against the screen or sieve and distribute it in a uniform and thin film, as required. yIt willalso be observed that my invention does not perform 5. the functions as required by the screw or propeller. o

My invention hasfor its object to overcome all these defects, and bases on the centrifugal principle. Inside of a vertical screen-drum, E being made stationary or revolving in either sense, a. helicoidal fan mounted on a vertical shaft is made to revolve rapidly, throwing the pulp fed through a funnel-shaped inlet at the top of the drum against the inn'er`wallsfef`g the sereen,impartin g to all particles a strong centrifugal motion, which causes the pulp to spread in a uniform film all over the inside ot' the screen,'allowing the watery substance to pass through the holes, but the coarse material t I do not desire to produce a down- 7 gether with the sifted material, is carried off through an outlet at the bottom. Said castiron tank, having at its top a series of guiderollers for keeping the screen-drum in a central position, has bolted or cast to its bottom plate, right underneath the screen-drum, an annular chamber with an outlet for the coarse material. By this arrangement the capacity of one machine is greatly increased, and therefore a considerable saving of door-space, driving machinery, and power is obtained. Besides, owing to the strong centrifugal motion imparted to all particles, the pulp is spread in a uniform film over the whole screen, thus giving an even and perfect sifting process by straining all the whole ot' the screen to the same amount.

, In Figure I a vertical sectionk on the center line is given; in Fig. II, two horizontal halfsections on lines l 2 and 3 4; in Fig. III, a side elevation, and in Fig. IV a plan.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

r fr represent a east-iron cylinder with bottom plate, a, the whole forming the main body of the machine. In bottom plate, a, bearing d for the fan-shaft b is provided, said bearing d carrying in a cup the lower hub, g,fof screendrum 71., together with face-plate g', said faceplate having large holes to prevent any accumulation of pulp inside screens 7L. cylinder o', on top of bottom plate, a, a cast-iron piece, forming an annular chamber, w, is solidly bolted or cast on, corresponding in dialneterwith the screen-drum, and being placed "next underneath it, so as to receive all pulp dropped through the holes of face-plate g' and t delivering it through outlet zo. 'Ihe upper faceplate, i, ofscreen-drum h is provided at its center with afunnel-shaped inlet, 7r,wherein the top bearing, e, for the fan-shaft b is arranged, solidly connected with face-plate i, said inlet k delivering the pulp to be sifted into the interior of screen-drum h, which is made stationary or revolving in either sense, with exchangeable screens or sieves having circular or slotted holes of the size best suited for the material to be sifted. The screen receives its motion through gear-wheel l, bolted or cast on top of faceplate t, working into gear-wheels g and p on shaft o, said shaftpbeing driven by belts on pulleys'i'and m, pulley m placed on the fanshaft, whichvis the drivingshaft of the machine. Screen-drum h revokres independently on shaft b, hub r/being ftte'floosely to it, and the-.top face-plat,`', beingguided by three or In qre guide-rollersft, on brackets s,said brackets bolted to the top of cylinder r r. Inside of screen-drumh a helicoidal fan, f, with two or more blades, is vmounted rigidly on shaft b, being the driving-shaft, and made to revolve rapidly, receiving its motion from belt on pnlley r, between bearing d and c, said fan being made of about the same diameter as the inside diameter of the drum, leaving a small play and filling it to its whole height. The rela- Inside of tive diameter of screendrum h and cylinder r is made such as to form an annularchamber, n, between drum and cylinder, into which chamber the'pulp passed through the serecn- 7o holes enters and drops to the bottom, where an outlet, fu', for the'iine material is provided in said annular chamber n, water-pipes u u2 performing rinsing duty.-

Whenever the pulp to be sifted is fed through the funnel-shaped inlet k, it is caught by the rapidly-revolving fan f and thrown against the inner walls of screen-drum h, which is made stationary or to revolve in either sense, according to the desired fineness of Work. The strong centrifugal motion imparted to the pulp causes it to spread in a uniform lm all over the surface of the screen h, where the coarse fibers are retained, and, dropping to the bottom through face-plate g into the annular space to, are led 0E through outlet w'; but the line and watery material, passingthrou gh the holes or slots of screen h, flows to the bottom of the annular space between screen-drum h and cylinder` 1^, and is washed off by the water-pipes u u2, placed therein for rinsing purposes. Thus, the whole surface of the screen being made effective, a large production per machine is possible, and, owing to the spreading out of the pulp in a uniform film, an even and perfect sifting is effected. l

. Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a pulp, sifting and assorting machine composed of drums and screens, a fan or other suitable means for assorting and sifting pulp by centrifugal force.

2. In a machine for sifting and assorting pulp, a fan provided with two or more helicoidal wings, in combination with a vertical screen-drum, being made stationary or revolving, substantially as shown and described.

3. In the machines for sifting and assorting pulp, the combination of a helicoidal fan with a vertical screen-drum, with exchangeable sieves or screens, said sieves or screens having circular or slotted holes, according to circumstances, all for the purpose set forth and described.

, 4. In the machine for sifting and assorting pulp, the combination of a helicoidal fan,f,

mounted on a vertical shaft, b, within bearings e d c, screen-cylinder h, face-plates t' and g', hub g, funnel-shaped inlet lc, cast-iron cylinder r, annular chamber c and lln-outlet o and w', rinsing-pipes aguide-roller't, gearwheels g and p, shafto, and pulleys nand m and driving-pulley x.'

ln testimony whereofIhave signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, the 12th day of-Jannary, 1883. l

-. N. KAISER.

kWitnesses i EMIL BLINN,

H. WUHRMANN.

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